Standardized residency training is one of the most crucial stages in the continuing education of neurology physicians, closely tied to the professional conduct of physicians. Neurology, a clinical discipline based heavily on substantial theoretical knowledge and multidisciplinary integration, requires the teaching process to not only impart essential professional knowledge and skills but also to focus on developing physicians' professionalism, advanced medical skills, humanistic qualities, and strict adherence to medical ethics. Based on the basic requirements set by the Ministry of Education for the construction of ideological and political courses, we boldly propose a "disease-political education-scenario" three-dimensional case matrix and a "three-dimensional four-step" teaching model. This approach aims to treat clinical scenarios as the third dimension of ideological and political education within courses, thereby enriching and deepening the traditional two-dimensional teaching method, making it more impact and empathetic, and allowing ideological and political education to better integrate into all aspects of neurology teaching. By employing methods such as situational simulations, role-playing, and case discussions, we aim to seamlessly incorporate ideological and political education into the entire neurology teaching process. We hope this three-dimensional case matrix can genuinely enhance residents' ethical sensitivity, communication skills, and clinical decision-making abilities. Furthermore, by learning through cases, the educational function of ideological and political elements in medical professional courses is strengthened.