发作性睡病（narcolepsy，NC）是一种罕见的慢性神经系统疾病，现有的西医治疗（如中枢兴奋剂、抗抑郁药、γ-羟丁酸钠）主要通过减少日间过度睡眠、控制猝倒以及改善夜间睡眠来达到改善临床症状作用，但长期服用西药存在药物依赖、耐药性及药物不良反应等问题。而中医药通过“整体论治”原则，在改善NC症状、降低疾病复发风险及提高生活质量方面具有独特优势，其可以弥补西药治疗的不足、减少西药使用剂量和减轻西药不良反应，从而提升安全性。此外，中药还可延缓认知障碍，保护脑功能。因此，本研究系统阐述近年来NC的西医现状和中医药治疗进展，并进一步探索整合医学模式下的中西医协同治疗NC的优势，以优化临床治疗策略，为临床治疗NC提供新的思路。

Narcolepsy (NC) is a rare chronic neurological disorder. Current western medical treatments (such as central stimulants, antidepressants, and sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate) primarily aim to reduce excessive daytime sleepiness, control cataplexy, and improve nighttime sleep, thereby alleviating clinical symptoms. However, long-term use of western medications may lead to issues such as drug dependence, drug resistance, and adverse effects. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), guided by the principles of "treatment based on syndrome differentiation" and "holistic regulation", offers unique advantages in improving NC symptoms, reducing the risk of disease recurrence, and enhancing quality of life. It can compensate for the limitations of western medicine, reduce dosage requirements of western drugs, and mitigate their side effects, thereby improving treatment safety. Additionally, TCM may delay cognitive impairment and protect brain function. Therefore, this study systematically reviews recent advances in both western medicine and TCM for the treatment of NC, and further explores the benefits of integrated western and TCM approaches under a holistic medical model, with the aim of optimizing clinical strategies and providing new insights for the management of NC.